CentOS5で新サーバ構築/(4)MySQLのインストールと基本設定 のバックアップ(No.1)



MySQLのインストールと設定

  • いよいよ次は、Wordpressを動かしているMySQL関係の設定に移る。

MySQLのインストール

  • 例によって、インストールの有無を確認しておくが、当然なし。
    [root@kuraric5 ~]# rpm -qa mysql
  • yumコマンドでインストール開始するが、関連する4つのパッケージがある。
    [root@kuraric5 html]# yum -y install mysql-server
    Loading "installonlyn" plugin
    【中略】
    Dependencies Resolved
    
    =================================================
     Package                 Arch       Version          Repository        Size
    =================================================
    Installing:
     mysql-server            i386       5.0.22-2.1       base               10 M
    Installing for dependencies:
     mysql                   i386       5.0.22-2.1       base              3.0 M
     perl-DBD-MySQL          i386       3.0007-1.fc6     base              147 k
     perl-DBI                i386       1.52-1.fc6       base              605 k
    
    Transaction Summary
    ==================================================
    Install      4 Package(s)
    Update       0 Package(s)
    Remove       0 Package(s)
    
    Total download size: 14 M
    Downloading Packages:
    (1/4): mysql-5.0.22-2.1.i 100% |=========================| 3.0 MB    01:34
    (2/4): mysql-server-5.0.2 100% |=========================|  10 MB    05:25
    (3/4): perl-DBI-1.52-1.fc 100% |=========================| 605 kB    00:22
    (4/4): perl-DBD-MySQL-3.0 100% |=========================| 147 kB    00:05
    Running Transaction Test
    Finished Transaction Test
    Transaction Test Succeeded
    Running Transaction
      Installing: perl-DBI                     ######################### [1/4]
      Installing: mysql                        ######################### [2/4]
      Installing: perl-DBD-MySQL               ######################### [3/4]
      Installing: mysql-server                 ######################### [4/4]
    
    Installed: mysql-server.i386 0:5.0.22-2.1
    Dependency Installed: mysql.i386 0:5.0.22-2.1 perl-DBD-MySQL.i386 0:3.0007-1.fc6 perl-DBI.i386 0:1.52-1.fc6
    Complete!

MySQLの基本設定

  • 文字コード関係の調整を行う。UTF-8に統一する。
    [root@kuraric5 html]# vi /etc/my.cnf
    --------------
    [mysqld]
    datadir=/var/lib/mysql
    socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
    # Default to using old password format for compatibility with mysql 3.x
    # clients (those using the mysqlclient10 compatibility package).
    old_passwords=1
    default-character-set = utf8   ★追加(MySQLサーバーの文字コードをUTF-8にする)
    
    ★以下を追加(MySQLクライアントの文字コードをUTF-8にする)
    [mysql]
    default-character-set = utf8

MySQLの起動

  • 起動、難なくOK!
    [root@kuraric5 html]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld start
    MySQL データベースを初期化中:  Installing all prepared tables
    Fill help tables
    
    To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy support-files/mysql.server
    to the right place for your system
    
    PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
    To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:
    /usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
    /usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h kuraric5 password 'new-password'
    See the manual for more instructions.
    
    You can start the MySQL daemon with:
    cd /usr ; /usr/bin/mysqld_safe &
    
    You can test the MySQL daemon with the benchmarks in the 'sql-bench' directory:
    cd sql-bench ; perl run-all-tests
    
    Please report any problems with the /usr/bin/mysqlbug script!
    
    The latest information about MySQL is available on the web at http://www.mysql.com
    Support MySQL by buying support/licenses at http://shop.mysql.com
    
    MySQL を起動中:                                            [  OK  ] 
  • 常時起動設定にする
    [root@kuraric5 html]# chkconfig mysqld on
    [root@kuraric5 html]# chkconfig --list mysqld
    mysqld          0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off

とまぁ、ここまでは難なく進んだ。

管理者パスワードの設定など

  • 管理者パスワードを設定する。
    [root@kuraric5 ~]# mysql -u root
    Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
    Your MySQL connection id is 2 to server version: 5.0.22
    
    Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.
    
    mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user;
    +------+-----------+----------+
    | user | host      | password |
    +------+-----------+----------+
    | root | localhost |          | ←未設定のため空欄
    | root | kuraric5  |          |
    |      | kuraric5  |          |
    |      | localhost |          |
    +------+-----------+----------+
    4 rows in set (0.03 sec)
     
    mysql> set password for root@localhost=password('★★★★'); ← ここにPW入力
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
    
    mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user;
    +------+-----------+------------------+
    | user | host      | password         |
    +------+-----------+------------------+
    | root | localhost | 68d54f373a26c208 | ←設定後は暗号化表示
    | root | kuraric5  |                  |
    |      | kuraric5  |                  |
    |      | localhost |                  |
    +------+-----------+------------------+
    4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
  • 不要ユーザを削除しておく 
    mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;
    +------+-----------+
    | user | host      |
    +------+-----------+
    |      | kuraric5  |
    | root | kuraric5  |
    |      | localhost |
    | root | localhost |
    +------+-----------+
    4 rows in set (0.01 sec)
    
    mysql> delete from mysql.user where user='';
    Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.01 sec) 
    
    mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;
    +------+-----------+
    | user | host      |
    +------+-----------+
    | root | kuraric5  |
    | root | localhost |
    +------+-----------+
    2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
    
  • 不要データベース'test'を削除する
    mysql> show databases;
    +--------------------+
    | Database           |
    +--------------------+
    | information_schema |
    | mysql              |
    | test               |
    +--------------------+
    3 rows in set (0.02 sec)
    
    mysql> drop database test;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
    
    mysql> show databases;
    +--------------------+
    | Database           |
    +--------------------+
    | information_schema |
    | mysql              |
    +--------------------+
    2 rows in set (0.00 sec) 

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